Azure APIM + MCP Server Demo

This project demonstrates how to expose backend APIs through Azure API Management (APIM) as a Model Context Protocol (MCP) Server, enabling AI assistants and tools to interact with your APIs using the standardized MCP protocol.

🏗️ Architecture

┌──────────────────┐     ┌─────────────────────────┐     ┌─────────────────────────┐
│   MCP Client     │────▶│   Azure API Management  │────▶│   Azure App Service     │
│  (AI Assistant)  │     │      (Gateway)          │     │   (Express.js API)      │
└──────────────────┘     └─────────────────────────┘     └─────────────────────────┘
        │                         │                              │
        │  MCP Protocol           │  Subscription Key            │  REST API
        │  (JSON-RPC 2.0)         │  Rate Limiting               │  Products/Orders
        │                         │  Monitoring                  │
        └─────────────────────────┴──────────────────────────────┘

📦 Components

Backend API (backend-api/)

• Express.js application with TypeScript
• REST API endpoints for products and orders
• MCP JSON-RPC endpoint handler
• 5 MCP tools:
  • get_products - List all products in the catalog
  • get_product_by_id - Get product details by ID
  • search_products - Search products by query string
  • get_orders - List all orders
  • create_order - Create a new order

Infrastructure (infrastructure/)

• Bicep templates for Azure deployment
• Azure App Service (Linux, Node.js 20 LTS, B1 Basic)
• Azure API Management (Developer SKU)
• Application Insights for monitoring
• Log Analytics workspace

🌐 Endpoints

📡 MCP Protocol

The server implements the Model Context Protocol (version 2024-11-05):

Initialize

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "initialize",
  "id": 1,
  "params": {
    "protocolVersion": "2024-11-05",
    "capabilities": {},
    "clientInfo": { "name": "client", "version": "1.0.0" }
  }
}

List Tools

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "tools/list",
  "id": 2
}

Call Tool

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "tools/call",
  "id": 3,
  "params": {
    "name": "get_products"
  }
}

Example: Search Products

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "tools/call",
  "id": 4,
  "params": {
    "name": "search_products",
    "arguments": { "query": "smart" }
  }
}

Example: Create Order

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "tools/call",
  "id": 5,
  "params": {
    "name": "create_order",
    "arguments": { "productId": "prod-001", "quantity": 2 }
  }
}

🚀 Deployment

Prerequisites

• Azure CLI installed and logged in
• Azure subscription
• Node.js 18+ installed locally

1. Create Resource Group

az group create --name apim-mcp-demo-rg --location eastus

2. Deploy Infrastructure

az deployment group create `
  --resource-group apim-mcp-demo-rg `
  --template-file ./infrastructure/main-appservice.bicep `
  --parameters location=eastus namePrefix=apimmcp environment=dev apimPublisherEmail="your-email@example.com"

⚠️ Note: APIM provisioning takes 15-30 minutes on first deployment.

3. Build Backend API

cd backend-api
npm install
npm run build

4. Deploy Backend API

Compress-Archive -Path "dist\*", "package.json", "web.config", "node_modules" -DestinationPath "deploy.zip" -Force
az webapp deploy --resource-group apim-mcp-demo-rg --name apimmcp-api-dev --src-path deploy.zip --type zip

5. Get APIM Subscription Key

az rest --method post `
  --uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscription-id}/resourceGroups/apim-mcp-demo-rg/providers/Microsoft.ApiManagement/service/apimmcp-apim-dev/subscriptions/mcp-subscription/listSecrets?api-version=2022-08-01" `
  --query "primaryKey" -o tsv

🧪 Testing

Run Test Script

.\test-mcp.ps1

Expected Output

========================================
  MCP Server Test Suite
========================================

Endpoint: https://apimmcp-apim-dev.azure-api.net/mcp

1. Testing initialize...
   Server: azure-product-catalog-server v1.0.0
   Protocol: 2024-11-05

2. Testing tools/list...
   Found 5 tools:
     - get_products: Retrieve a list of all products in the catalog
     - get_product_by_id: Get details of a specific product by its ID
     ...

3. Testing tools/call (get_products)...
   Found 8 products:
     - Widget Pro: $29.99
     - Gadget Plus: $49.99
     ...

Manual Testing

$headers = @{
  "Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key" = "YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_KEY"
  "Content-Type" = "application/json"
}

$body = '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"initialize","id":1,"params":{"protocolVersion":"2024-11-05","capabilities":{},"clientInfo":{"name":"test","version":"1.0"}}}'

Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "https://apimmcp-apim-dev.azure-api.net/mcp" -Method POST -Headers $headers -Body $body

🛠️ Development

Local Development

cd backend-api
npm install
npm run dev

The server will start on http://localhost:3000.

Project Structure

APIM-MCP/
├── backend-api/
│   ├── src/
│   │   ├── index.ts      # Express server entry
│   │   ├── routes.ts     # REST API routes
│   │   ├── mcp.ts        # MCP endpoint handler
│   │   └── data.ts       # Mock data store
│   ├── dist/             # Compiled JavaScript
│   ├── package.json
│   ├── tsconfig.json
│   └── web.config        # IIS configuration for Azure
├── infrastructure/
│   └── main-appservice.bicep   # Azure resources
├── test-mcp.ps1          # Test script
└── README.md

🔧 Configuration

APIM Settings

• Subscription Required: Yes
• Rate Limiting: Configurable via APIM policies
• Authentication: Subscription key header (Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key)

App Service Settings

• SKU: B1 Basic (Linux)
• Node Version: 20 LTS
• Startup Command: node index.js

📊 Monitoring

• Application Insights integrated with both App Service and APIM
• Access logs in Log Analytics workspace
• Health endpoint available at /api/health

🔗 Resources

• Model Context Protocol Specification
• Azure API Management Documentation
• Azure App Service Documentation

📄 License

MIT